Innovations in Library Communications

Paper by M. Zane Thornto

The Attaint

The assize of novel disseisinoriginally lay against the disseisor in possession in favor of the disseisee, and was soon extended to the heir of -the disseisee, but not against the heir or grantee of the disseisor. But the disseisor might be dead or might have conveyed the land, and in such a case the disseisee would be driven to the writ of right with iis delays and chance of battle. But the cases where the defendant had come into possession under a lawful title which was limited in time and had ceased to exist, i.. e., cases where there was no disseisin except constructive but an unlawful retention of possession were also wholly unprovided for. The judges and their clerks were busy remedying these defects, and they invented what came to be called writs of entry. They were given to the claimant out of possession, and like the assize, the writ defined tie issue. The writs, without noticing the Quibis, were of two kinds: (i) where the seisin of defendant in possession originated lawfully, as in cases of discontinuance and deforcement, and (2) where his seisin originated unlawfully as in cases of abatement, intrusion and disseisin. All the writs defined the issue by saying that the defendant in possession has not entry except through (non habet ingressum nisi per) a certain person and then stated the defect in the title

Convertirse en educador del profesorado en el trabajo emancipador

    In this paper, I focus on the role of the teacher educator in education for cultural democracy and social justice work. I have been a teacher educator for many years and wanted to examine how one becomes a teacher educator, the personal, cultural and societal antecedents that shape such a role. Using a self-study and critically self-reflective approach, I interrogate my role in the context of the technocratic and bureaucratic control that threatens to extinguish the joy and liberatory potential of truly democratic education. I reflect on the processes of becoming a liberatory teacher educator and how this has translated into being responsible for teaching teachers how to teach. I conclude with some reflections on the challenges facing a teacher educator who wants to preserve joy and liberation of the human spirit in their profession.     En el presente artículo, me centro en el papel que juega el educador del profesorado en la educación para la democracia cultural y la justicia social. He sido durante muchos años una educadora de profesoras/es, y deseo examinar cómo se llega a ser educador/a del profesorado, los antecedentes personales, culturales y sociales que moldean el referido rol. Mediante un enfoque de autoaprendizaje y críticamente auto-reflexivo, me pregunto por mi papel en el contexto del control tecnocrático y burocrático que amenaza con extinguir la alegría y el potencial liberador de una educación realmente democrática. Reflexiono sobre los procesos de llegar a ser educador/a de profesores liberador y cómo esta tarea se ha traducido en ser responsable de enseñar al profesorado cómo enseñar. Concluyo con algunas reflexiones sobre los desafíos a los que se enfrenta un/a educador/a de profesores que quiere preservar la alegría y la liberación del espíritu humano en su profesión

The Attaint

The practice of attainting a jury was the method by which for centuries the English law corrected an erroneous finding of fact by the body of men who, in course of time, came to be called a jury. Today this necessary corrective of judicial administration is very inadequately performed by the judge or judges presiding over the trial. The proceeding is now called a motion for a new trial. The new trial is inadequate for the reason that it does not, as did the attaint, substitute a correct verdict for the one given. It merely reverses or sets aside the former verdict and restores the party prejudiced to his cause of action or defense, as the case may be. It wipes out the former trial and requires the whole trial to take place again. As a matter of fact, the demonstration of a necessity for a new trial ought to carry with it the demonstration of what would be a correct verdict and judgment, and to save useless expense that judgment should be entered

German Legal Philosophy

Annexed as an appendix to the translation of Kohler\u27s Philosophy of Law is an appreciation of the work by Adolf Lasson, 1 who complains that he himself once wrote a philosophy of law which has sunk into oblivion, probably for the reason, as he modestly suggests, that he knew so much of systematic philosophy that he had no time to acquire any special scientific learning either in the law or any other special department of knowledge. 2 This complaint is a confession, child-like and amusing in its vanity, which could be dismissed without comment, were it not something that is wholly German, very German of very German, I hope I mar say without irreverence; for German legal philosophers are plainly separable into two classes, the very large class to which Lasson admits that he belongs, who know nothing of law, and the very small class, who know something of law but are not philosophers. It is not an accident that these wise men who profess law as their special province call themselves mainly either Neo-Hegelians or Neo-Kantians. Neither Kant nor Hegel was a faint skiagraph of a jurist, yet both essayed a philosophy of law,3 based upon a much wider system of metaphysics. And it is generally true that the German philosophy of law is a mere side issue of a pretentious transcendental theory of the Prussian state

ESG Disclosure Scores and CEO Compensation

This paper examines the impact of environmental, social, governance (ESG) disclosure scores on chief executive officer (CEO) compensation. I analyze the S&P 500 from 2011 – 2021 utilizing the within estimation method for fixed effects regression models to find that a one point increase in a firm’s ESG disclosure score is associated with a 0.49% increase in CEO compensation, ceteris paribus. However, certain S&P 500 industries have an advantage in boosting their ESG disclosure score relative to other industries. After including interaction terms between industry and ESG disclosure score, I find that, for the median industry, a one point increase in a firm’s ESG disclosure score is associated with a 0.22% decrease in CEO compensation, ceteris paribus. When compared to alternative executive compensation packages (chief financial officer, chief operations officer, etc.), I find that a one point increase in a firm’s ESG disclosure score is associated with a 0.37% decrease in the average executive compensation for the median industry. Based on my findings, CEOs can gain a better overall understanding of how ESG disclosure effects CEO compensation within the S&P 500

Subclinical Metabolic and Cardiovascular Factors and Brain White Matter Microstructural Integrity in Young Women

Pregnancy places women in a state of metabolic change that can exacerbate underlying risk factors for disease. Prior studies note physiological risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders, but few have focused on whether these cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors affect brain structure in early adulthood prior to pregnancy. Therefore, more research is needed to assess how subclinical cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors may affect brain health or be exacerbated by the hormonal and metabolic imbalances caused by pregnancy. This study examined how specific cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors assessed prior to pregnancy affected brain white matter microstructural integrity. This study examined 62 participants, all young (mean age 31 years), healthy women, who received both metabolic and cardiovascular assessments as well as multi-modality MRI imaging including acquisition of T2 Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) sequencing and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). The hypotheses were that abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic profiles would be associated with increased white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic findings would be related to lower Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and increased Mean Diffusivity (MD) in posterior cortical areas. The results showed that the presence of WMH was related to increased MD in bilateral white matter tracts and altered measures of cardiac function. FA and MD in numerous posterior and occipital tracts, commissural fibers and subcortical structures correlated with age, BMI, and measures of cardiovascular and metabolic function such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), cholesterol and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). These relationships shed light on women’s cerebrovascular health as it relates to subclinical risk factors at a young age, prior to pregnancy. More research must be done to examine how subclinical risk factors may impact potentially dangerous pregnancy outcomes in the form of hypertensive disorders such as pre-eclampsia and how these early life influences on brain structure impact brain functioning in late age

Baseline design of the filters for the LAD detector on board LOFT

The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT) was one of the M3 missions selected for the phase A study in the ESA's Cosmic Vision program. LOFT is designed to perform high-time-resolution X-ray observations of black holes and neutron stars. The main instrument on the LOFT payload is the Large Area Detector (LAD), a collimated experiment with a nominal effective area of ~10 m 2 @ 8 keV, and a spectral resolution of ~240 eV in the energy band 2-30 keV. These performances are achieved covering a large collecting area with more than 2000 large-area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) each one coupled to a collimator based on lead-glass micro-channel plates. In order to reduce the thermal load onto the detectors, which are open to Sky, and to protect them from out of band radiation, optical-thermal filter will be mounted in front of the SDDs. Different options have been considered for the LAD filters for best compromise between high quantum efficiency and high mechanical robustness. We present the baseline design of the optical-thermal filters, show the nominal performances, and present preliminary test results performed during the phase A study.Comment: Proc. SPIE 9144, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 91446

XMM-Newton reveals a candidate period for the spin of the "Magnificent Seven" neutron star RX J1605.3+3249

The group of thermally emitting isolated neutron stars (INSs) known as the "Magnificent Seven" (M7) is unique among the various neutron star populations. Crustal heating by means of magnetic field decay and an evolutionary link with magnetars may explain why these objects rotate more slowly and have higher thermal luminosities and magnetic field intensities than standard pulsars of similar age. The third brightest INS, RX J1605.3+3249, is the only object amidst the seven still lacking a detected periodicity. We observed the source with the XMM-Newton Observatory for 60 ks aiming at unveiling the neutron star rotation rate and investigating its spectrum in detail. A periodic signal at P=3.387864(16) s, most likely the neutron star spin period, is detected at the 4-sigma confidence level. The coherent combination of the new data with a past XMM-Newton EPIC-pn observation of the source constrains the pulsar spin-down rate at the 2-sigma confidence level, implying a dipolar magnetic field of B~7.4e13 G. If confirmed, RX J1605.3+3249 would be the neutron star with the highest dipolar field amongst the M7. The spectrum of the source shows evidence of a cool blackbody component, as well as for the presence of two broad absorption features. Furthermore, high-resolution spectroscopy with the RGS cameras confirms the presence of a narrow absorption feature at energy 0.57 keV in the co-added spectrum of the source, also seen in other thermally emitting isolated neutron stars. Phase-resolved spectroscopy, as well as a dedicated observing campaign aimed at determining a timing solution, will give invaluable constraints on the neutron star geometry and will allow one to confirm the high value of spin down, which would place the source closer to a magnetar than any other M7 INS.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in A&A (revised version after language editing; results unchanged